The development of Tlphoid vaccine in Indonesia
نویسنده
چکیده
Typhoid fever is highly enclemic in Indonesia with the incidence range from 360 cases (semirural area) to 810 cases (urban area) per 100,000 population per year The conventional whole cell vaccine which is parenteral, has long been known and used in Indonesia. Since 1960's immunization with this conventional yaccine was terminated from the vaccine program for infants, due to its annoying and inconvenient side effects. Since that time the incidence oftyphoidfever has been observed to be increasing. At present, there are 2 kinds of relatively new vaccine against typhoid fever that have been licensed and circulating in Inelonesia. The first one is Ty2la (\îvotiv@), the attenuated oral vaccine with the fficacy of 42-53 Vo for the enteric coated capsule formulation. The second is the parenteral VCapsular polysaccharide vaccine (TyphimVi@), the purified Vi-antigen o/ Salmonella Typhi with the fficacy of 64-80 Vo. 114 Typhoid Fever and other Salmonellosis The development of Tlphoid vaccine in Indonesia
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